Vertical boiler



(No Model.) I W. 0. WEBB'ER.

VERTICAL BOILER.

No. 556,293. PaQtented'Mar. 10, 1896.

IN VEN TOE WITNESSES: 464. 6

AN DREW EGRAMAM. PHOTO-UTNQWA-SHINGTOND C UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IVILLIAM O. IVEBBER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

VERTICAL BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 556,293, dated March10, 1896.

Application filed August 3, 1895. Serial No. 55 8,160. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM O. WEBBER, of Boston, in the county ofSuffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented sundrynew and usefulImprovements in Vertical Boilers, of which the following, taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, is a specifieation.

My invention relates to vertical boilers of the return-flue tubulartype.

The objects of my improvement are in making the fines into which theheated gases and products of combustion first pass after leaving thefurnace large enough in diameter and short enough in length so as not towholly eX- tinguish these gases and prevent further combustion, thenallowing these gases to escape into a mixing and additionalcombustionchamber and returning these heated gases downwardly throughsmaller-diameter flues, but of considerably greater length, so as tocompel these gases to part with nearly all of their available heatbefore escaping at the bottom of these smaller tubes.

It is preferable in the construction of my boiler that thelarge-diameter shortlength tubes be near the center and that thesmallerdiameter and longer-length tubes be adjacent to the outside shellof the boiler; but I do not desire'to be limited to the exact form ofconstruction as shown and described, the general object being to producea very efficient boiler occupying a small amount of floor-space and ofthe simplest form of construction, which will admit of its beingconstructed by machinery and consequent cheapness of cost.

Referring to the drawings herewith, Figure 1 isa vertical section ofboiler set or mounted upon a brick furnace. Fig. 2 is a plan of theboiler proper, showing alay-out of the tubes.

In Fig. 1 A is the outer shell of the boiler.

B is the inner shell, which forms the sides of the combustion-chamber K.

C are the inner flues of large diameter and short lengths, and D are theouter downwarddraft fiues of small diameter and longer length.

E is the upper tube-sheet.

F is the crown of inner tube-sheet, and G is the lowest outertube-sheet.

The outer sheet, A, of the boiler is prolonged below the bottom of thelowest outer tube-sheet, G, sufficiently to admit of the holes ,6 g g gg g g g g the total number of these holes to have an area large enoughto carry off all of the gases and productsof oombustion which can passthrough either of the series of tubes into the smoke-box H, whichsurrounds the bottom of the boiler and is preferably located on top ofthe walls of the furnace for' support. This prolongation of the outershell-sheet, A, also serves as a support to hold up the-boiler byresting on the plate I, which covers the brick walls of the furnace.

The crown or inner tube-sheet, F, is located sufficiently above thebottom of the boiler to provide'a large combustion space or chamber K.

The boiler is shown mounted upon the furnace L, which is provided with agrate M, fire-door N, ash-pit O, ash-pit door P, and is covered with acast-iron plate I, 011 which the boiler-sheet A and smoke-box H are.supported. Immediately below this plate I are inserted in the walls ofthe furnace a number air ducts or pipesu uu a a a a a a a a forthepurpose of admitting air into the furnace above the top of the fire. Thesides of the furnace next to the fire are built of firebrick, laid incircular courses with a batter, or of diminishing diameter as theyapproach the top, so that the area at the top of this construction isconsiderably less than the area at the bottom. This construction iscarried up far enough to cover the lower ends of the inner shell-sheet,B, and projecting into the combustion-chamber K, forming, together withthe extension of the shell-sheet A the smoke-passage g On top of theboiler is placed a combined mixing-chamber and deflector R, which may belined with fire-brick or other non-combustible material. This deflectoris preferably supported upon brackets R, which may be fastened to thetop of shell-sheet A.

At or near the top of the boiler is located the steam dome or drum S,which is preferably located so that the bulk of its mass is locatedabove the top of the upper tube-sheet, E, and this drum is connectedwith the boiler proper by one or more connections 8 and .9 On this drumor dome are preferably located the gage-cocks {s 8 the steam-gage ssafety-valve s and service-outlet of the boiler s. The boiler is alsoprovided with blow-off s", cleaning-holes 3 3, and s and water-supplyinlet .5.

The action of this boiler is as follows: The coal or other fuel burningon the grate M libcrates excessive amounts of hydrocarbons or othercombustible gases,which,being retarded by the contracting and batteringrings of the fire-brick lining of the furnace T, are held until they aremet by the air entering through the air-ducts u u a u a 'w" a a a a" uThis combination of air and gas is then still further retarded by thecontracting rings above the air-inlets until these gases are thoroughlycombined, when they are ignited by the high temperature of the walls Tand burst into flame in the combustionchamber K. The top of this chamberK, formed by the inner tube-sheet, F, is high enough above the grate Mto insure room for nearly perfect combustion. The products of combustionthen enter the large tubes C,passi1 1g upwardly into the mixing-chamberand deflector R, where they may be still further burned and are thendeflected back against the tube-sheet E and into the smallerdownward-draft tubes 1), down which they pass into the space 9 and thenthrough the openings g g g g q q g g g into the smoke-box, and fromthence into the chimney or stack, parting with nearly all of theirremaining heat on the last downward passage.

\Vhat I claim as new and useful, as well as tending to greatereiliciency and cheapness of construction, is-

1. In a vertical boiler the prolongation of. the outer shell-sheet belowthe line of the lower flue-sheet so as to form a support for the boiler,and provided with passages in this prolongation for the escaping gasesfrom combustion, substantially as described.

2. In a vertical boiler the combination. of the short flues, C, thelonger flues, D, the combustion-chamber, K, and the prolongedshell-sheet, A, provided with gas-escape pas- Sages: {/7 g g 7 7Substan' tially as described.

3. In a vertical boiler the furnace, L, of conical battering courses,smaller in diameter at the top than at the bottom, and projecting intothe combustion-chamber, K, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

4. In a vertical boiler the combination of the outer boiler-shell, A,the inner boilershell, 13, the lower tube-sheet-, G, and theconically-shaped furnace-wall, T, )rojecting into the boiler so as toform a smoke-passage, 9 substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, 011 this 81st day of July, A. D.1895.

WILLIAM O. WERNER. Witnesses:

J. HENRY TAYLOR, (8.11. )UsHINc.

